Simon Bernath is the founder of FurnacePrices.ca and has been working in the HVAC industry and writing about heating & air conditioning systems for over 10 years. He has been featured, cited, and interviewed by major publications including the CBC, CTV News, Global News, Moneysense, the Toronto Star, Ottawa Citizen, and more.
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Our Complete Boiler Systems Buyer Guide: Everything you need to know about buying a boiler system: top brands, prices, different types and the pros and cons of each, maintenance tips, and more!
Expert-reviewed for accuracy and completeness.
Buying a new boiler system is like buying any large appliance in that its an investment, so its a good idea to do some research before choosing a new system for your home.
Weve put together this comprehensive buyer guide for boilers and hydronic heating systems, including how boilers work, different types, pros and cons, key considerations and features, pricing, fuel sources, and how to choose the right one for your needs.
Boiler Systems Overview: What They Are and How They WorkA boiler system is a home heating method that uses hot water or steam to warm your house. These systems are sometimes referred to as hydronic systems, and this heating method can even be used to warm swimming pools or de-ice driveways in winter.
Here are the basics of how the process works:
Most boiler systems use propane, natural gas, or oil as their fuel source to heat the water, but electric systems do exist as well. There are also combi-boilers on the market that serve the dual function of heating your house while also providing your homes hot water.
Watch Video: Boiler Heating Systems A Buyers Guide for HomeownersA short overview of boiler heating systems and what you should know
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The main alternative to boiler systems is a furnace, which heats your home by warming air and distributing it through the house via a duct system. Boilers and furnaces heat in a similar way, with the main difference being that boilers distribute hot water through pipes and radiators, while furnaces heat the air directly and then circulate it around the house.
Most homes in North America are heated with a forced-air furnace, though there are still plenty of homes (especially older ones) that have boiler systems instead.
Pros and Cons of Boiler Heat Pros ConsEven heat: One of the best things about boiler heat (especially compared to forced-air systems) is they distribute heat evenly throughout the house, so you wont find yourself contending with cold spots, chilly rooms, and fluctuating temperatures around the house. They also tend to maintain a more consistent temperature, as forced-air furnaces are known for sometimes causing peaks and dips as the furnace cycles on and off.
Silence: Newer hydronic heating systems are extremely quiet, to the point where you probably wont even know the system is running. However, it should be noted that if you have an old system in your home, then the radiators can be quite noisy as they heat up and cool down, and they may clang at times.
Zone control: Even if you dont have zone control set up already, its simple and easy to add this feature to your system, allowing you to manage and customize how heat is distributed throughout your house. Simply shutting the valve for a radiator in a given part of the house can work as well.
Clean air: Hydronic systems dont rely on air to heat your home, so they provide a cleaner living space in terms of air quality. Furnaces can push dust, dirt, allergens, and other particulates around your house, so boiler systems are ideal if air quality is a top concern. That being said, forced-air systems with advanced air filtration systems can actually help keep your homes air cleaner.
Economy: For the most part, boiler systems are cheaper to run than forced-air ones, and this means you can keep your family comfortable for less during the cold winter months. (Note there are obviously many variables to the cost of heating a home, including its size, insulation, fuel type, where you live and local climate, and personal preferences and useage, among others)
Maintenance: Boiler systems require very little maintenance, including that you dont have to replace filters regularly.
Comfort: Although this is a matter of personal preference, many people find the heat from boiler systemsincluding from radiators, baseboards, or in-floor systemsis more comfortable than the heat provided by furnaces. Forced-air heating, especially with a cheaper or single stage furnace, and a poorly-insulated home can have a tendency to cause temperatures to fluctuate.
Installation costs: Boiler systems can be a bit more expensive to install than forced-air ones, and this is especially true if your home needs to be outfitted with all the piping, radiators, and other infrastructure.
Replacement costs: If anything ever malfunctions or breaks with a boiler, the cost for replacing parts tends to be somewhat more expensive than with a forced-air system.
Slower temperature response: When most people change the thermostat, they expect instant results from their heating system, but boilers can take longer to adjust to new temperature settings as the radiators are filled with hot water, thus taking longer for heat to dissipate than the air from a forced-air heating system.
Over-heating: This is more of a problem in apartment buildings or other situations where you may not have direct control over the system, thus sometimes leading to the system heating your living space beyond what is comfortable. Although this can also occur in a single-family home because as mentioned above, boiler and radiator heating systems tend to respond more slowly and therefore it can take longer to lower the ambient temperature. This can also be wasteful as people may resort to opening windows in the middle of the winter to cool rooms down.
No cooling option: Boilers cant be combined with a home cooling system, nor can they be used to cool your home during the summer months. Because of this, you will need a separate infrastructure like ductwork for an air conditioning system, or relying on ductless systems.
Potential for water leaks: While this problem is rare, boilers do come with a risk for water leaks.
The Different Types of Boiler SystemsThere are three main types of boiler systems: conventional, combi, and system boilers. These three boiler systems all have their own advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right one is all about comparing your needs with the pros and cons of the different systems.
Understanding these different types and how they work can help you make the right choice when it comes time to select a new unit.
Conventional BoilersThe conventional, regular, or open-vent boiler is among the most common type of boiler system, though it should be noted that combi-boilers have been growing in popularity over the past few years. These systems have a water tank and a water cylinder for hot and cold water.
The cold water is stored in the water cylinder, then heated and transferred to the hot water tank for storage. When the thermostat kicks on, the water is pumped from the hot water storage tank through the boiler system to heat your home.
Pros ConsStorage and capacity: Conventional boilers have a large storage tank for hot water, and this means its uncommon for the hot water to run out, so your house should always remain at a comfortable temperature.
Single-function: Because conventional boilers are separate from the water heater used to provide your home with hot water, you can heat your home, have a shower, do laundry, and otherwise use the hot water at the same time without worrying that your shower will run cold halfway through lathering up.
Independence: Although conventional boilers occasionally need topping up, for the most part, they can function independently of the water main, so youll still have heat in the event of a problem with your water line.
Overhead Cost: For a lot of homeowners, the biggest downside with conventional boilers is that they can be somewhat less efficient given that they heat a large tank. This is especially the case if the tank is poorly-insulated. This means you may end up paying more in the long run to heat your home.
When you consider that heating your home accounts for the largest portion of your energy bill, you can see the impact a lower-efficiency unit might have on your monthly costs.
Space: Another drawback with conventional boilers is they require the most space, so theyre often not suitable for apartments, condos, and other small dwellings that dont have a lot of extra storage space. The radiators themselves also take up space in a room.
Capacity: Even though conventional boilers do have a substantial hot water tank, it is still possible that the tank is not sufficient to keep up with heating demands, especially during a cold snap when you may want to raise the entire homes temperature in a short amount of time.
For the most part, this shouldnt be an issue as long as your boiler system is properly sized for your home.
Cost: Conventional boilers are larger and have more parts than the other boiler styles, so even though theyre less efficient, theyre also more expensive to buy.
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As the name suggests, combi-boilers combine the work of two major appliances into one: the boiler and the water heater.
These units draw cold water in directly from the mains as needed and heat it on-demand, so theres no need for a storage tank. Once the water is heated, it is either pumped through the boiler system to heat your home or distributed to the faucets and water lines as needed to provide your kitchen, bathroom, utility, and laundry rooms with hot water.
Although storage tanks arent required with combi-boilers, they can be purchased separately (and then the system becomes a combi-storage boiler) if your hot water needs exceed the on-demand capabilities of the boiler.
Pros ConsUnlimited hot water: Combi-boilers work using the same principle as on-demand water heaters, so you have access to as much hot water as you need for your heating system and your household tasks as you need it.
Space-savings: Because combi-boilers dont need additional space for a storage tank, they take up significantly less room than both conventional and system boilers. These units are very compact and can fit in a space as small as a kitchen cupboard, making them ideal for smaller homes and dwellings.
Price and convenience: Thanks to their size and ease of installation, combi-boilers are also the most affordable type of boiler for both upfront purchasing costs and installation fees.
Water Pressure: Although there are certain instances where this can be a problem, combi-boilers typically provide great water pressure.
Energy-efficiency: Most combi-boilers are high-efficiency units, and many even offer an ENERGY STAR rating so you can rest assured that youll spend less heating your home and your water.
Water pressure loss: As mentioned, combi-boilers typically have strong water pressure, but this can fluctuate if the demand for water peaks in your home. For instance, if one person is running a bath while another is doing dishes, then youll likely lose some pressure at both faucets. Similarly, the water pressure depends on the pressure from the main water line, so if thats low then water pressure will continue to be a problem.
System-BoilersSealed system boilers only require a small water cylinder and not a tank as well, and this means they can fit in much smaller spaces than a conventional boiler. They work by drawing cold water in from the mains, heating it, and then using the water cylinder to store the hot water until the thermostat kicks on and the water is circulated through the system.
Pros ConsSpace-savings: Although system boilers arent quite as small and compact as combi-boilers, they still take up much less space than conventional ones thanks to the smaller water cylinder so they can be suitable for smaller homes and apartments.
Multiple use: System boilers are separate from the water heater, so you can access hot water from multiple faucets at the same time without compromising the boilers ability to heat your home.
Ease of installation: System boilers are easier to install than conventional ones, and this translates to faster, cheaper, and easier installation.
Water pressure: These units rely on the main water supply, so as long as you have a strong flow coming in from the mains, then youll have great water pressure with these systems.
Hot water when you want: System boilers dont heat water on-demand, but they do store heated water so that its ready and available when you need it.
Cost-savings: System boilers tend to be somewhat more expensive than combi-boilers, but theyre still much more affordable than their conventional counterparts, making them ideal for people on a tighter budget.
Limited storage and reheating delays: Because system boilers have a smaller storage capacity than conventional ones, the possibility of running out of hot water is higher with this type of system. When the hot water does run out, the system will need time to refill and reheat the water, and this can impact the temperature in your home.
Space is required: The water cylinder that system boilers use is much smaller than the storage space needed for a conventional boiler, but you do still need to allocate storage space for the cylinder, which can be tough in smaller homes.
Less energy efficient: Although these systems are more energy-efficient than conventional boilers, they arent as efficient as combi-boilers, and that means your energy bills will be slightly higher each month.
Pressure is dependent on mains: If the pressure from your mains isnt adequate, then the system boiler wont have the pressure it needs to work optimally.
More expensive than combi: The price range between combi and system boilers isnt enormous, but you will pay more for a system boiler and more for the installation. That being said, both these boiler types are still cheaper and easier to install than a conventional boiler.
Fuel Type and Lifecycle CostOne of the most important decisions youll have to make when buying a boiler is the fuel type (natural gas, propane, oil, solid fuel like wood or coal, or electric). Fuel accounts for the largest lifecycle cost of a boiler, so you need the information and resources to select the most energy-efficient system for your needs.
To help you with this, heres a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of different fuel types.
Natural GasAdvantages of Natural Gas Boilers:
Disadvantages of Natural Gas Boilers:
Advantages of Propane Boilers:
Disadvantages of Propane Boilers:
Advantages of Oil Boilers:
Disadvantages of Oil Boilers:
Advantages of Solid Fuel Boilers:
Disadvantages of Solid Fuel Boilers:
Advantages of Electric Boilers:
Disadvantages of Electric Boilers:
How much does a boiler cost?
The final cost of a boiler will depend on many factors, but the average price including installation can be anywhere from $4,000 $8,000+ for a boiler or combi-boiler, and all the way up to $10,000 or more for a large unit or more complex installation.
Note this is for a residential boiler system. Commercial boilers for apartment buildings and other large-scale applications can cost far more. Either way, its best to speak to a professional for a custom estimate.
Some factors that can affect the final cost of your new boiler system installation include:
When it comes time to purchase a new boiler system, knowing the top brands can help narrow your search and give you peace of mind that youre choosing a reliable and top-quality system that will last for many years. With that in mind, heres a breakdown of the top boiler brands that have been keeping Canadians warm throughout the winters.
See many more of the top boiler brands in Canada in our Best Boilers Guide
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IBC Technologies is a Canadian manufacturer of wall-mounted condensing boilers, and they pride themselves on using only the highest quality materials and components in their boilers.
They also take the construction of their products very seriously, and this results in boiler systems that are reliable, durable, and energy-efficient. To help you get the most from the money you spend heating your home, IBC Technologies boilers incorporate combustion controls, advanced burners, and precise fuel-air mixing technology into their systems.
VeissmannViessmann is a family-owned company thats headquartered in Germany, but that also has a home base in Waterloo, Ontario. With over 100 years in the HVAC industry, they have carved out a name for themselves as one of the top manufacturers in the field, specializing in residential boilers and hot water heating.
ACV Triangle TubeExplore more:The company is the world’s best Home Hot Water Boiler supplier. We are your one-stop shop for all needs. Our staff are highly-specialized and will help you find the product you need.
ACV Triangle Tube has been manufacturing home heating systems since the s, and they have a wide range of wall-mounted and floor-standing condensing boilers.
Furthermore, their blog is also a great resource for consumers who are looking for helpful tips and tricks about energy and costs savings, improving the efficiency of your HVAC systems, and more.
What Boiler to Buy: Choosing the Right SystemWhen its time to buy a new boiler, the best place to start is by examining the needs of your home and family, including factors like the size of your house, the number of people in your family, your daily hot water requirements, how many bathrooms you have, and even the reliability of the water pressure from your mains.
To help you out with your decision heres some more information about the different boiler types and when theyre ideal.
Conventional boilers are ideal when:
Combi-boilers are ideal when:
System boilers are ideal when:
All combustion boilers (ones powered by natural gas, propane, solid fuel, or oil) require uninhibited air intake and flue gas systems for safety and efficiency.
Because of this, you also have to be mindful of location when you want to install or move a combustion boiler: there needs to be good airflow, a fresh-air supply, and nearby exhaust to vent emissions produced during the combustion process.
If you are looking at a combustion boiler, you might also want to consider outfitting the unit with an electronic ignition technology that can eliminate the need for a pilot light thats always burning.
The size of your home is an important factor to keep in mind when selecting a boiler. For instance, compact combi-boilers wouldnt be effective for large homes with multiple bathrooms and several family members. Conversely, a large conventional boiler wouldnt be a suitable option for a small apartment or studio, simply because you wont have the storage space required to house the tank and cylinder.
If youre not sure what capacity your boiler should be, there are many online boiler size calculators you can use as a reference.
Water pressure is another thing youll have to keep in mind when determining your boiler type, because both combi-boilers and system boilers both require high and reliable water pressure from the main water supply to perform optimally.
Only conventional boilers are suitable if your mains water pressure is low, but there are solutions if water pressure is an issue in your home. For one thing, if you have low water pressure and dont have the storage space for a conventional boiler, then you can opt for a combi-storage boiler system.
On the other hand, if you do have adequate water pressure but dont want a conventional boiler, a system boiler will be cheaper to buy and install, and youll still have a reliable capacity even if you have a large household.
Energy Efficiency and Condensing BoilersEnergy efficiency is a key consideration for most homeowners looking to buy new appliances, and in general, the more efficient a boiler is, the more it will cost up front. But its important to remember that energy-efficiency will translate to long-term savings as far as energy and fuel use are concerned, and it wont take long for you to recoup the additional money you spent for the better boiler.
Pro tip: When looking for energy-efficient boilers, look for features like condensing flue gas systems and modulating burners.
Moving a BoilerThere are many reasons why you might need to move a boiler, including that youre doing some renovations or that you have to relocate the system for safety reasons.
Moving a boiler requires expertise that only professionals can provide, and the cost for this service can cost $1,000 $1,500 or more. Its hard to provide firm estimates as each home and situation is different, and things like how far its being moved and how much labour and materials are required, will affect the final cost.
The total cost will depend largely on the components that have to be moved, as each has its own approximate cost associated with it:
Your boiler is an investment, and you want to make sure you get the most life out of your system, not only so you can save money, but also so you can keep your family comfortable for longer. Here are some great tips to help you maintain and optimize your boiler system:
Allowable working pressure: This is the maximum pressure a particular boiler can withstand.
Combustion: Refers to the act or process of burning. Technically, its characterized by rapid oxidation thats often accompanied by heat and light.
Condensate: Water that condenses after you remove the heat from steam.
Corrosion: Destruction or damage to metal as a result of chemical action.
Flue: A duct that allows smoke and waste gasses to vent safely from the house.
Natural gas: A flammable gas (often methane and other hydrocarbons) that occurs naturally underground.
Pilot/pilot light: A small gas burner thats always burning to light a larger burner when needed.
Radiant: Refers to heat transmitted by radiation instead of conduction or convection.
Safety valve: A valve that automatically opens and vents when the pressure reaches a certain level.
Frequently Asked Questions About Boiler Systems Can a boiler cool my home?In theory, radiators could be used to cool your home. However, boilers arent equipped to chill water, and even if you had a separate cooling system, you would encounter problems like humidity, corrosion, condensation, and a compromised radiator lifespan.
How often should I get my boiler serviced?Most boiler manufacturers recommend annual servicing and maintenance. This ensures both safety and reliability.
How can I tell if I have a boiler system?If your home has a boiler instead of a furnace, then youll have a system of pipes and radiators throughout your house. On the other hand, if you have a furnace, then youll instead have ductwork and vents that circulate air throughout the house.
Whats the difference between a boiler and a water heater?A typical boiler (not combi-boilers, which serve both purposes) only heats water for the heating system in your home, whereas a water heater provides hot water for your daily needs, such as bathing, washing, and cleaning. Because boilers dont provide water for human use, they usually run at higher temperatures than water heaters.
Whats a steam boiler and how is it different from a hot water boiler?Steam boilers arent as common these days because theyre an older and less efficient technology. They function very much like hot water boilers, but the difference is steam boilers heat the water to the point where it becomes gas, and then circulates the steam through the system to heat the home. Because you have to heat water to a much higher temperature to produce steam, these boilers use more energy.
Whats a condensing boiler and how is it different from a non-condensing one?Any type of boiler can be a condensing boiler. The characteristic that sets condensing boilers apart from non-condensing ones is theyre designed to recover heat (in water vapour) that would otherwise escape through the flue. Because they capture and reuse this heat, condensing boilers tend to be more efficient.
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The road to long-term environmental protection with electric steam boilers is long, but definitely worth it. If you are looking for a smart investment, you have come to the right place. Electric steam boilers have a fully intelligent control system and are operated via a touch screen. The degree of boiler automation control and operational reliability are greatly improved, and the operation is simpler and more intuitive. Because we are sure that they may eventually become the newest member of your home.
Electric steam boilers are among the most efficient and versatile heating systems used in various industries. Known for their precise control and eco-friendliness, they convert electrical energy into thermal energy to produce steam, which is then used for heating and industrial processes.
Electric steam boilers operate through electric resistance or electromagnetic induction, ensuring that the heat generated is effectively transferred to the water. This results in a highly efficient system with minimal energy loss, saving operational costs over time.
What sets electric steam boilers apart? They excel in providing a steady and reliable supply of steam without the need for combustion fuels. This not only reduces carbon emissions but also simplifies maintenance and operational procedures. With advanced control systems, electric steam boilers can adjust their output to match demand, further enhancing their efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Curious about how an electric steam boiler operates? Lets break it down for you. Several key components work together to ensure the efficient production of steam. Heres how it works:
1. Water Supply System:
The boiler is equipped with an automatic control system that manages the water supply. Using liquid controllers or high, medium, and low-level probes, the system controls the operation of the water pump, ensuring the appropriate amount of water is supplied to the boiler.
2. Combustion Chamber and Heating System:
Unlike traditional boilers that use fuel, electric steam boilers use electric resistance or electromagnetic induction to generate heat. The heating system heats the water in the boilers chamber to produce steam.
3. Automatic Control System:
The automatic control system ensures that the water pump operates efficiently. When the water level drops to a low point, the water pump activates to add more water. Once the high water level is reached, the pump stops, maintaining a consistent water level.
4. Pressure Regulation:
A pressure switch or relay regulates the steam pressure within the boiler. As steam is generated and used, the pressure fluctuates. The control system ensures that the pressure remains within the set limits for safe and efficient operation.
5. Steam Generation:
The electric heating elements continuously heat the water in the boiler. As the water heats up, steam is produced and accumulates. The pressure gauge on the control panel or at the top of the boiler indicates the current steam pressure.
6. Safety Protection System:
The boiler is equipped with various safety features to protect against potential issues. These include automatic shut-off in case of high pressure, low water levels, or other malfunctions.
Throughout this process, indicator lights on the control panel display the status of the boiler, allowing operators to monitor its operation easily. The efficient and automated nature of electric steam boilers makes them ideal for various industrial applications, providing a reliable source of steam with minimal environmental impact.
Understanding the benefits of electric steam boilers can help you see why they are a smart investment for industrial applications:
l Electric steam boilers can lead to significant cost savings due to their high efficiency and reduced fuel requirements.
l With near 100% efficiency, electric steam boilers produce minimal emissions, reducing environmental impact and helping meet stringent regulatory standards.
l Electric steam boilers have fewer moving parts and lower exhaust temperatures, which reduces wear and tear, leading to less frequent maintenance and longer component life.
l These boilers do not require large fuel storage tanks, making them more compact and easier to install in smaller spaces.
l With proper care and maintenance, electric steam boilers can have a long operational life, often lasting up to 20 years or more.
While electric steam boilers offer numerous advantages, its important to consider some potential drawbacks before making an investment:
l Electric steam boilers can be more expensive upfront due to the advanced technology and components required.
l These boilers are complex systems that require professional installation, which can add to the overall cost.
l Depending on your location, the cost of electricity can be higher than that of other fuel sources, impacting operating expenses.
l Electric steam boilers need a reliable and consistent power supply, which may not be feasible in all areas or during power outages.
l Components for electric steam boilers can be costly to replace, potentially leading to higher maintenance expenses over time.
Considering these factors can help you make an informed decision when evaluating whether an electric steam boiler is the right choice for your industrial needs.
Is investing in an electric steam boiler worth its price tag? Given the efficiency and low maintenance, the answer is a resounding yes.
Heres a breakdown of what you can expect to pay:
l Small Applications (50100k BTU): $1,500 to $3,000
l Medium Applications (100300k BTU): $3,000 to $7,000
l Large Applications or Industrial Settings (300k+ BTU): $7,000 to $20,000+
These costs vary depending on the size and capacity required, as well as the specific installation costs. Although electric steam boilers tend to have a higher upfront cost compared to traditional steam boilers, they offer significant savings over time due to their higher efficiency and lower maintenance needs. This is a primary reason why more industries and commercial settings are transitioning to electric steam boilers.
In conclusion, an electric steam boiler is an excellent long-term investment. It provides a good return through higher efficiency and lower maintenance costs. Electric steam boilers are also environmentally friendly and sustainable, making them a smart choice for industrial and commercial applications. If you are considering buying a new boiler, you can get in touch with us and help you choose the most suitable boiler.
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