Desulphurization pump is a pump with corrosion resistance, it is mainly used for conveying corrosive liquid.
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Desulphurization pump is a kind of cantilever type single-stage single-suction centrifugal pump, it is designed to transport corrosive medium containing fine particles and design and development, it made with UHMW-PE, the material is the latest generation of pumps with corrosion resistant engineering plastics, the desulfurization pump made of it has the advantages of the most prominent excellent abrasion resistance, impact resistance (especially the low-temperature impact resistance) and corrosion resistance.
Desulfurization pumps are widely used in general equipment pumps.
FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION
Over the past twenty years, scrubber pumps have continued to grow in
size and capacity, with individual units handling flows in excess of 5,000
gal/min. Pump capacities to 10,000 gal/min or greater, at heads ranging from
13-20 meters are necessary in order to operate with a minimum number of pump
units. Pumps must accommodate lower levels of operation due to unit outages or
off-peak electrical demand. Today's pump net positive suction head (NPSH) is met
by the normally high (10-15 meters) suction head. FGD pumps must be durable,
able to withstand constant operation at specified conditions, able to
accommodate a range of pipe loads and system transients and be virtually
maintenance-free for at least 24,000 hours of continuous operation. FGD units
use several types of pumps, three of which will be discussed below.
Feed Pumps
Concentrated slurry feed is usually handled by rubber-lined centrifugal
pumps. Positive displacement pumps with variable-speed drives are also
applicable. Cast-iron, corrosion-resistant alloy, and rubber-lined pumps are
common in limestone systems. Some utilities prefer to use rubber-lined pumps
from a single manufacturer for uniformity throughout the plant.
Although centrifugal pumps are widely used, the screw pump that handles
limestone slurry feed is a special type of rotary positive displacement pump in
which the flow through the pumping elements is truly axial. Thus, the screw pump
with its unique axial flow pattern and low internal velocities offers a number
of advantages in those few applications where centrifugal pumps cannot be used.
Fresh Water Pumps
In a limestone FGD system, the most likely points at which fresh water would
enter are the ball mills, pump seals, and the mist eliminator wash system. A
fresh water plump for this service can be a standard centrifugal pump. The
important items to be specified are properties of the service water, available
net positive suction head (NPSH), materials of construction, type of drive, and
type and size of motor.
Recycle Slurry Pumps
The typical slurry pump has many features that set it apart from the typical
centrifugal pump used for clear liquids. Wall thicknesses of wetted-end parts
(casing, impeller) are greater that in conventional centrifugal pumps. The
cutwater, or volute tongue (the point on the casing at which the discharge
nozzle diverges from the casing), is less pronounced in order to minimize the
effects of abrasion. The radial and the axial-thrust bearing on the slurry pump
are heavier, too, than those on standard centrifugal pumps.
Materials of Construction
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Pumps are made in two types of materials: all-metal pumps and rubber-lined
cast-iron pumps. European and American engineers have tended to use different
materials of construction. American power plants have generally installed
rubber-lined cast-iron pumps while European plants have generally installed
all-metal pumps. Since the pump parts in contact with the slurry are subjected
to abrasive-corrosive action, the "wetted" parts must be constructed of a
corrosion-resistant material that is either harder than the slurry solids or
resilient. As David Root observed in "New Technology Throws Down Challenge to
Pump Industry," International Power Generation, March , pp. 59-60,
the hard iron pump is a single casing, back pull-out design that increases ease
of maintenance. It is constructed of duplex stainless steel for highly abrasive
media. The cast-iron pump casing is split vertically with through-bolting used
to connect the halves as well as the piping to the suction and discharge
nozzles. In the rubber-lined cast-iron pumps each casing half is lined with
easily replaceable, bolted-in segmented rubber liners. A good design provides
for 100 percent reinforcement of all liners. This approach precludes collapse of
the liners if a vacuum is inadvertently created. Rubber has advantages for
modern scrubber pumps because it offers excellent abrasion resistance, has
natural corrosion resistance and effectively dampens hydraulic noise. Rubber
liners are less expensive and weigh less than metal liners or cases, so they
reduce the cost and allow for easier handling during maintenance.
Most impellers today are metal. The advantage of metal is based on its
durability and the fact that it allows for optimized pump efficiency through
proper geometry. The maximum diameter impeller is employed regardless of the
flow and head. This tactic is used to keep rotational and eye speeds at a
minimum so wear life is enhanced and damage due to cavitation is minimized.
Manufacturers of rubber-lined impellers claim impeller performance is maintained
over 97 percent of the useful water life of the component while metal impellers
slowly degrade over their working life.
The selection of impeller metallurgy normally includes either duplex
stainless steel (CD4MCU) or a high-chrome martensitic white iron. The latter is
typically 27-28 percent nominal chrome content. Certain formulations with carbon
content under two percent enhance resistance to slurries having a pH level
exceeding three, with chloride content of 75,000 ppm and higher. While duplex
stainless steel can be used over the widest range of pH and chloride levels,
maximum hardness with heat treatment may be 325-340 Brinell, while the available
white irons may range from 450 BHN to 600 BHN, based on carbon content and heat
treatment.
Generally, the advances made in elastomer compounds and metal alloys have
resulted in typical wear life of five years for casing liners and three years
for impellers.
Pump Accessories
Seals
Today's pumps are sealed with slurry mechanical seals, that operate without
the need for flush water. It is now reasonable to expect seal wear-life of three
years or more. The metallurgy of the components of the seal or shaft sleeve is
important because the low pH conditions and presence of chlorides is conducive
to corrosion problems.
Roller Bearings
The mechanical end of the pump features a heavy-duty shaft and bearing
assembly in a cartridge that can be easily removed for maintenance in a
non-contaminating atmosphere. A cylindrical roller bearing is employed to absorb
radial loads imposed hydraulically and by the weight of the impeller.
Double-tapered roller bearings accommodate hydraulic thrust loads. The location
of these bearings provides the most efficient design for bearing size and life,
while minimizing the displacement of the shaft caused by thermal gradients. A
B-10 bearing life of 100,000 hours is normally specified for recycle pumps.
Pump Suppliers
The two largest suppliers of pumps for FGD units are KSB AG and The Weir
Group PLC. These two companies sell more than half of the pumps for this
industrial group. Weir purchased EnviroTech Pumpsystems in and Warman
International in . KSB is the largest supplier of pumps to the German power
industry for FGD units. In KSB wholly purchased the remaining part of
Georgia Iron Works and set up GIW Industries, which sells and manufactures their
slurry pumps. Weir Warman is a major supplier worldwide. Weir had its own first
experience with pumps for FGD units at the Drax Station power plant and has both
direct and acquired experience with the purchases of EnviroTech and Warman.
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